Electric vehicle.



R. MAORAE.

:ELEOTRIU VEHICLE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 13, 191-1.

Patented Sept. 17, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEBT 1.

R. MAGRAE.

ELECTRIC VEHICLE. APPLICATION FILED FEB.13, 1911.

Patented Sept. 17, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2,

R. MAURAE.

ELECTRIC VEHICLE.

APPLICATION FILED I'EB.13,1911.

Patented Sept. 17, 1912.

' s SHEETS-SEEM 3.

RODERICK MACRAE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ELECTRIC VEHICLE.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented Sept. 17. 1912..

. Application filed February 13,1911. Serial No. 608,333.

'To all whom it may concern:

of construction, arrangement, and 0 eratiom Among the important objects 0 my invention are to provide aunitary steering truck or chassis mounted on individually power driven wheels; to provide a rigid main supporting frame for such chassis and to engage such frame with both sides of the driving Wheels in order that the load will be evenly distributed on the wheels to prevent deflection, distortion and unequal strains on the Wheels; to provide an annular frame structure to be rigidly secured to the front end of a vehicle and to' repose between such frame and the main supporting frame of the chassis; to provide improved arrangement of springs which will sustain heavy loads, yet which will be at alltimes resilient, flexible andyielding to protect both the load and the driving wheels; to provide mechanism for preventing distortion and displacement of the springs and to confine them to their proper fields ofoperation; to provide improved flexible steering mechanism controllable from the operators seat to bodily turn the chassis frame; to provide improved electrical controlling mechanism adjustable by the operator to cause independent operation of the steering wheels to automatically rotate the chassis frame when the vehicle is to be turned whereby short and quick turns may be made under heavy load independently of physical exertion on the part of the opera-- tor; to provide improved arrangement of housing and inclosure for storage batteries for supplying the driving energy; and in general to provide improved electric propulsion njie'chanism for commercial vehicles which is very simple and comparatively light, yet which is very powerful and particularly adaptable for propulsion of heavy loads and for the manipulation of vehicles under heavy load.

The various features 'of my invention are clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

tional view of a vehicle embodying the various features of'my invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the chassis part looking from plane 2 2, Fig. 1, one of the wheels being 'in diametral section, Fig. 3 is an enlarged .front view of the vehicle, one

of the wheels and other parts being in see tion, Fig.4 is a sectional view taken from plane 4-4t, Fig. 2, Fig. 5 is a top'view of the controller mechanism, and Fig. 6 is a sectional View taken on plane G-6, Fig. 3.

The main supporting frame F of the chassis part is of oblong contour and may be built of I-beams, channel beams, etc, or of flat bands, as shown, and comprises front and rear sections 10 and 11, the side sections 12 and 13, and the intermediate transverse sections 14 and 15 adjacent the side sections.

Between the intermediate sections and the side sections the compartments f and f are formed for accommodating the wheels co and 10', while on the frame between the intermediate sections the various supporting and controlling mechanisms for the vehicle are disclosed. The wheels w and w are of identical construction, and their arrangement, support and control with reference to the frame F are also alike,- and the description need therefore be only with reference to one of the wheels. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, blocks 16 and 17 extend downwardly from the centers of the side and transverse parts 12 and 14 respectively, these blocks at their upper ends being rigidly-secured to the respective frames by bolts or otherwise. The blocks serve to support between them and in the compartment f a field frame 18 for an electric motor for driving the wheel. The field frame may be of any suitable construction, and as shown, it is rectangular in form, and from its sides extend trunnions l9 and 20 which pass through openings 16 and 17' in the blocks 16 and 17 respectively, the out-er ends of the trnnnions being threaded and engaged by nuts 21 and 22 respectively. To prevent rotation of the trunnions a field frame and set screw 23 em tends through either one or both the blocks and into the trunnion. The field frames of the wheels are thus rigidly connected to the frame F. Between the field frame and blocks the trunnions pivot hubs 24 and 9.5 which bear the wheel sides 26 and 27. These sides may be spokes or in the form of sheet metal caps, as shown. The sides at their outer periphery are secured to the rim 28 of the wheel and project beyond this rim to hold in placethereon the tire 29, which may be of any construct-ion, either solid or pneumatic. To theinner side of the rim 28 secured a ring 30 havinga beveled gear- .i gtsurface 31. Between the poles 79 of the field frame is the armature 32 mounted on the armature shaft 33, which bears in brackets 34 and 35 supported from the field frame the end of the armature mounting the bevel driving pinion 36 which meshes v.with the gear surface 31 of the ring 30. The

commutator c on the armature shaft is engaged by brushes I) mounted in any suitable the motor.

manner. a The field poles 77 ,are provided with fieldzwindings d. 'Under suitable current conditions and circuit 'connections the armature will be rotated within its station- 1 Mary field and the wheel frame will be rorated and the vehicle propelled. The inner trunnion 20 has the longitudinal passageway 37 for accommodating the cable 6 comprising the various circuit conductors for L1kew1se, the cable 6 enters through the inner-trunnion of the wheel I g0 for supplying the necessary conductors for carrying current to the ngotor in said Wheel. It is thus apparent that each wheel has hearing at both sides on the rigid frame F and that any weight on the wheelwill be evenly distributed thereon Will not be centered at one side thercofgas is the case in the prior art, where thewheel is journale'd on a stud axle whosef 'i nner end is swiveled to the machine frame to be swung with the wheel in horizontal direction, wheels thus attached having a tendency gral casting.

' ning each of the corners atthe junctures of the front and rear frame parts 10 and 11 and the intermediate transverse frame parts 14 and 15 is a plate 38 rigidly secured to the frame parts as by bolts or other suitable means, these plates acting as corner braces for strengthening the frame F and also as supporting surface for the spring mechanism. Each plate carries a lower longitudinal sleeve 01' guide block 39 and an upper transverse sleeve or guide block 40. These sleeves may be separate devices secured together and to their supporting plate or the sleeves and plate may be parts of an inte- An annular frame or plate ,41 is disposed centrally between the frame parts 10, 11, 14 and 15, and has front and rear projections 42 and: 43 respectively and the side projections '44and; 45 respectively,

the projections being ninety degrees apart. Rigidly bolted or otherwise secured at its center to the extension 44 is a semi-elliptical spring 46 which may be built up of a number of leaves 46, the ends of the lower leaf passing through the front and rear upper guide sleeves 40 at the left side of the frame, these ends being freely slidable in these sleeves as the spring is compressed. Likewise, a similar semielliptical spring 4'? is secured at its center to the extension 45 and extends transversely between the frame parts 10 and 11 with the ends cf its lower leaf slidable in the upper sleeves 40 at the right side of the frame F. In the same manner, semi-elliptical springs 48 and 49 are secured at their centers to the extensions 42 and 43 respectively and extend longitudinally with the ends of their lower leaves slidable in the opposite lower sleeves 39 at the front and rear respectively of the frame. The side springs 46 and 47 are just within the frame parts 14 and 15, and the front and rear springs are just within the frame parts 10 and 11 respectively, as indicated. As best shown in Fig. 4, the bolts 50 and 51 which rigidly secure the springs 48 and 49 to the extensions 42 and 43 respectively are 6X1 ten'ded downwardly and slidably through the limbs of U-frames 52 and 53 respectively, which frames are pivotally secured tothe front frame parts 10 and 11, lock nuts, 54'

and 55 being secured to the lower ends of the bolts to limit the upward travel of the annular frame or circle 41 with reference to the frame F. The bolts are freely slidable through-the U-frames to allow unhindered vertical working of the springs. These bolts also tend to preyent lateral displacement between the frames F and 41.

An annular verticalfiange 56 extends up wardly on frame 41 and is concentric there with, its flange being encircled by a chain 57 anchored thereto at 58, the chain being supported by theannular shelf part 41' of the frame 41 outside of the flange. As best shown in Fig. 4, the inner annular section of the frame 41 is cut-down to form the anundercutgto receive the shelf 59. Thisframe 60 is rotatable within and on the frame 41 and is held in place by plates 62 secured thereto and lapping over and against the under side of the shelf 59, as indicated. Secured. to and extending up wardly from the frame 60 at suitable intervals are posis'63 which may be short sections of I-beams, and secured to the tops of these posts and concentric with the frames 41 and 60 is the upper annular frame or circle 64 which is secured to the vehicle in any suitable manner. Thus,'the frames 60 and 64 secured together by the posts 63 form a rigid annular frame which is rigidly se; cured to the vehicle and about which the frame F with the frame 41 and other parts supported thereon may'revolve. 5 A U-bracket 65 extends radially between the frames 64 and 41, its upper horizontal limb 65 being anchored to theframe 64: in any suitable manner, asby means of bolts, and the lower limb 65 is anchored in any suitable manner to the frame 41, these limbs extending outwardly beyond the flange 56, the lower limb 65" being given an intermediate bend, as indicated, in order to clear the flange. J ournaled in the outer ends of 5 these limbs is the vertical shaft 66 carrying between the limbs a sprocket wheel 67 and at its lower end the, sprocket wheel'68. Over this lower sprocket wheel passes the chain 57 already referred to,"so that by turning of the shaft 66 the chain will be drawn over the sprocket wheel and the frame 41 with the frame F revolved about the u per frame secured tothe vehicle. The sha t 66 may extend upwardly through the floor 69 of the platform V and be there provided with a hand wheel. This might, however, bring the hand wheel in an undesirable position with reference to the vehicle seat S, and means are therefore provided for bring- 3 ing the steering apparatus in more desirable ositio'n on the vehicle. Accordingly, 'a second U-frame 70 is secured at its back to the back of the U-frarne 65, and it has limbs 70 extending inwardly toward the center of the annular frames, and in theselimbs is journaled the vehicle steering wheel shaft 71, this shaft terminating at'its upper end in a steering wheel 72, as indicated in Fig. 1. Between the limbs f this u-frame and in 40 line with the sprocket wheel 67 the shaft carries the sprocket wheel 73, and'a chain belt 74 passes about both sprocket wheels, so that turning of the steering Wheel. will be communicated to shaft 66 and to chain 57 to turn the circle 41 and the frame F.

Referring to Figs, 1, 3, 5 and 6, the steer-- ing wheel shaft is encircled by a cylindrical shell or casing 75 which accommodates the circuit switches and other circuit controlling mechanism. The cover 76 of the casing is shown in mounting levers 77 and 78, and these levers may conne t with circuit controlling mechanism wit in the casing. One circuit controlling mechanism may con- 'trol the connection of the source with the motor circuits, and the other may control the amount of current, but as such mechanism may be of any well-known type'it was not deemed necessary to show it. However, in addition to'this ordinary circuit con trolling mechanisihl provide other circuit controllingmechanism, by means of which the motors of the chassis may be controlled to drive the-wheels to automatically perform steering This is very desirable, as

heavily loaded Wagons must at times make very sharp turns, as when backing up to deliver, or as when turning out of ruts or tracks. Under a heavily loaded vehicle it would of course require very great power on the steering wheel if the turning of the chassis were to be accomplished by the operator. I, however, provide for at will modifying the current flow through the motor of one wheel so that during turning one motor will slowup or cease to drive while the wheel of the other motor will operate, and this arrangement will cause the chassis to be powerfully turned by the power wheels themselves in accordance with adjustments by the operator, so that the vehicle under the heaviest loads can perform sharp and quick turns. Referring to Figs. 3, 5 and 6, a drum 79 within the easing 75 is mounted on'a sleeve 80 encircling 35v the steering wheel shaft 71 and terminating above the cover of the shell and there provide with a handle 81. From one side of the drum extend contact spring members 82 and 83, and from the opposite side of the b9 drum extend contact spring members 84 and 85. Secured to the inner side of the shell but insulated therefrom are contact bars 86, 87 88'and 89 for contacting with the spring members 82, 83, 84 and respectively upon 5 turning of the drum. The bars 86, 87 and 88, 89 are on opposite sides of the shell. Spring members 82 and 84 are connected together by a conductor 90, and contacts 83 and 85 are connected together by a conduc-qoo tor 91, conductors 92 and 93 leading respectively from conductors and 91 and vcon- I necting with ordinary circuit controlling mechanism and with a{ source of current. Contact bars 86 'and g7 connect through conductors 94 and 95 whichiextend through the cable 0 leading tothem'otor in wheel w, while conductors 96 and 97 connect with bars 88 and 89 rcspectivelyand pass through cable a of the motor in wheel to. As shown in wheel w in Fig 3, the motors are of the series type, the conductor 94 connecting-I, with the upper field frame at which then connects with the upper' brushthrough cgnductor' 98, the lower brush being connected through conductor 99 with thelower field coil which is connected with the conductor 9,5.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 6, suppose that the vehicle is run along norm'ally,that is; both motors operating. The lever 81 will then be in neutral position and the drum contacts will be in engagement with the contact bars near the inner 'ends thereof. Suppose now that it is desired to turnto the left. The operator will swing the lever 81 forwardly to cause rotation of the drum to disconnect contact members 84 and 85 from the bars 88 and 89 to cut out the motor in the left wheel w, the contact springs 82' and 1 and 83 willbecome disconnected from the' bars86 and 87 and the springs 84 and 85 moved farther along the bars 88 and 8S), and the left motor will then be driving and theright motor idle, and the chassis frame will be rotated and the machine turned to the right. The operator thereforedoes not have to exert any force whatever on the steering wheel except to follow the movements thereof upon turning of the chassis by the motors. Short turns can therefore be quickly made with great power, which, as before stated, is very desirable in the operation of commercial vehicles.

When the vehicle is to be turned from a state of rest the practical way would be of course to first set the switching mechanism just described before the current is turned on. It will often happen, however, that it will be necessary to turn the vehicle with full current on, and sudden rupture of either motor circuit would then of course produce sparking and might be injurious to the motors. To overcome this, the inner end sections 7'. of the bars may be of resistance material, such as carbon. With this arrangement, when full current is on and the lever 81 moved the spring contacts for the motor to be cut from circuit will engage with the carbon extension, and suflicient resistance gradually introduced into the cir- 4 cuit so that when the circuit is finally broken very 1 little sparking will occur. With this arrangement it is unnecessary to entirely disconnect a motor, as by moving its circuit controlling contact members along the resistance extensions the current will be more or less diminished and the speed of themotor more or less reduced. Very fine and powerful control of the vehicle is therefore provided, and short and quick turns ,50 under very heavy loads can be controlled by the motor wheels themselves without requiring any exertion whatever on the part of the operator, the operator, however, having su'ch turning operation by the motors under 65 his complete control. Such automatic turning of the vehicle by the wheels can of course be accomplished whether the vehicle.

be going in forward or reverse direction, one

of the switch mechanisms 77, 78 being adapted to reverse the direction of current flow from the sourceto the motors.

I also provide brake mechanism by means of whichbothdriving wheels may be simultaneously braked. As shown most clearly in Figs. 3 and 4, the inner hub of each wheel has keyed thereto a brake wheel 100 having the rim 101, and within this wheel a brake band 102 is inserted, the brake band being supported from its other end from a bracket extension 103 secured to the top of the inner block 17. The free ends of theband H outside the bracket 103 have semi-elliptical radial extensions! 10 1, 105 'formingbetween them an elliptical pocket 106. In this pocket of each wheel an elliptical plug107 is inserted, which in its normal position allows the band ends to come together to thus remove the band from the brake wheel rim, but when the plug is turned the band ends are spread apart and the band brought into v frictional engagement with the brake wheel rim to thus brake thewheels. The blocks are connected together by a shaft 108 journaled at its ends in brackets 109, 110 extending downwardly froin the in- 5 ner blocks 17 adjacent the two wheels. At a central point this shaft has a crank section 111 engaged by the head 112 of a rod 113 which extends vertically upwardly and centrally through the various annular -9() frames and which terminates above. the floor 69 of the vehicle platform, in a head or knob 114. Referring to Figs. land 3 afoot lever 115 forks at its front end about the rod 118 7 below the knobllet, and the rear end 116 of this lever expands to, form a foot, plate. With this arrangement pressure on the foot plate will raise the front end of theleverto draw the rod 113 upwardly, which will re sultin rotationof shaft 108 on account of the crankconnection, and in rotation of the elliptical plugs to expand the friction bands.

The rod 113 passingcentrally through the annular supporting frames of the ch21 the brake mechanismwill not interfere the free turning ofthe chassis, while same time the brake mechanism may at time be actuated. I V 1 The current source for the motors is preferably in the formof storage batteries, and q I provide improved arrangement for accommodatin such storage batteries. In

.prior electric vehicles the batteries are massed together either in front or at the rear of the vehicle, and in such positions that it is very hard to get at them for inspection.

As illustrated in the drawings, I accommodate the batteries,intcompartments 117 and 118 running longitudinallyalong. the sides of the vehicle body. To form these compartments the sides 120 of the vehicle body are set inwardly a distance from the side edges of the vehicle floor 121, and outer walls 122 extend upwardly from the sides of the floor, these outer walls and theside's of the vehicle body forming the side walls of thecompartments and t vehicle floor forming also the floor of-th A compartments. A, front wall 123 extends across the front of the vehicle behindthe operators platfor; I

and closes the front ends'of the battery compartments. The rear ends of these compartments are also closed. The batteries are set in a row in each compartment and are ac- -cessible from the top, each compartment being normally closed by a lid 124 hinged to and 127 extend forwardly from the front frames and are secured to the sides of the operators platform 69, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The upper ends of the frames are inclined, as shown, and support the fly boards 128 and 129 of the vehicle body. Batteries may also be placed in the compartment 130 formed below the operators seat S. One such cell T is shown, this cell being a test or pilot cell whose receptacle has a pouch or pocket 131 at its side for receiving a hydrometer 132 visible from the exterior through the transparent section133 of the pocket and through the side opening 134 formed in the side of the seat frame. The operator can thus at any time observe the reading on the hydrometer and ascertain the condition of the batteries. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the batteries extend 'Well forwardly toward the chassis, and a great part of the Weight of the batteries is put on the driving wheels to insure the necessary traction friction. The batteries as accommodated are also amply protected from both the exterior and from the interior of the vehicle, while at the same time, by merely lifting the lids to the battery compartments all the batteries can be quickly lnspeeted. The rear part of the vehicle body is preferably supported on ordinary wheels135 having the. ordinary metallic tires 136. Such Wheels will greatly reduce the initial cost of the vehicle and also the cost of repairs. In fact, the body and rear wheel mechanism can be substantially the same as tlfat of ordinary horse drawn vehicles, and in many cases it is practicable to merely substitute my power driven chassis for'the ordinary front wheel mechanism.

I thus provide a vehicle in which the propulsion chassis is of simple and strong and durable construction and which at the same time is capable of furnishing adequate power for propelling vehicles under heavy load and for automatically controlling turning and other maneuvering of the vehicle without any physical exertion on the part of the op-- erator. The pivotal connection of the strong chassis main supporting frame with both sides of each wheel eliminates all tendency to inclination or distortion of the driving wheels and keeps the weight evenly distributed on the wheels, which are therefore at all times in perfect balance and thereby enabled to most efficiently perform their functions. The arrangement for accommodating the storage batteries afi'ords ample protection, and the batteries may be inspected at any time without disturbance thereof. The particular arrangement of the batteries also give a more desirable distribution of their weight over the vehicle.

I. do not of course desire to be limited to the precise constructions, arrangements,

and or" 'ations shown and described, as

changes and modifications are of course possible which would still come within the scope of the invention, and

I therefore claim the following:

1. In a power driven vehicle, a truck comprising a main rigid supporting frame, wheels for said truck each havin an independent axle and the end of eac axle bemg independently journaled on said frame whereby a load on the vehicle is equallydistributed on the wheel axles whereby said wheels are always maintained in erfect vertical position, an annular swive frame secured to said main supporting frame, a second annular frame concentric with said swivel frame and secured to the vehicle, and

means supported by said second annular frame for controlling the swiveling of said 95 swiveling frame and thereby bodily turning of said main supporting frame.

2. In a power driven vehicle, the combination of Wheels for supporting one end of the vehicle body, a steering truck for sup porting the other, end of said body, said truck comprising a main supporting frame having side compartments,,a wheel at each side compartment pivoted at both its sides to said frame whereby said load on theframe is-evenly distributed at the sides. of the Wheels, a swivel member secured to said frame, a companion swivel member secured to the vehicle body, steering means controlled directly by the operator for effecting rotation of said truck, a driving motor within each truck wheel, and means controllable by the operator for effecting operation of said driving motors to drive the wheels to effect turning of the truck independently of physical exertion on the part of the opera tor.

3. Ina ower driven vehicle, the combi-- nation of t e vehicle body, an annular structuresecured to the vehicle body and having a lower swivel end, a companion annular swivel member engaging said lower end to rotate about said end, front and rear extensions and side extensions on said companion swivel member, a semi-elliptical spring secured at its center to the front and rear extensions, a semi-elliptical s ring secured at its middle 'to each 0 the side extensions, said springs being at right angles with each otherand over-lapping at their ends, a truck frame, wheels pivoted to said truck frame, the ends of said springs being confined to individual sliding engagement with said truck frame, and means controlled by the operator of the vehicle for effecting turning of said companion swivel member, such turning being communicated through the springs to the truck frame whereby the vehicle is steered.

4. In a power driven vehicle, the combination of a vehicle body, an annular frame secured to the body having an annular lower swivel end, a companion annular swivel member encircling said lower end, a truck frame connected with said companion swivel member and having swiveling wheels, a shaft journaled on said annular frame and having a sprocket wheel, a chain engaging said sprocket wheel andencircling said companion annular member, a second sprocket wheel on said shaft, 3. steering shaft having a'steering wheel for the operator of the vehicle, said steering shaft having a sprocket .wheel, and a chain engaging said steering shaft sprocket wheel and said second sprocket Wheel on said first mentioned shaft" whereby turning of the steering wheel will cause rotation of the companion swivel member and thereby turning of the truck frame on said wheels.

In a power driven vehicle, the combination of a vehicle body, an annular'frame secured to the body having an annular lower swivel end, a companion annular swivel -mem'ber encircling said lower end, a truck frame connected with said companion swivel member and having swiveling wheels, a shaft journaled on said annularframe and having a sprocket wheel, a chain engaging said sprocket wheel and encircling said' companion annular member, a second sprocket wheel on said shaft, a steering shaft having a steering wheel for the operator of the vehicle, said steering shaft having a sprocket wheel, a chain engaging said steering shaft sprocket wheel and said second sprocket wheel on said first mentioned shaft whereby turning of the steering wheel will cause rotation of the companion swivel member and thereby turning of the truck frame on said wheels, an individual driving motor for each wheel, a source of current carried by the vehicle, circuits for connecting said source with said wheel motors, and

circuit controlling mechanism. adjustable by the operator to vary the relative current supply of the motors whereby saidfwheels, may be driven relatively to have relatively different propulsion power whereb turning of the truck and steering of the ve 'iole may be accomplished slowly by the wheels themselves.

6. In a power driven vehicle, the combinationof a vehicle body, a swivel frame secured to the body, a companion swivel member encircling the lower end of said walls, intermediate swivel frame, a truck frame having sup= porting wheels, longitudinal and transverse semi-elliptical springs secured to said com panion swivel member, the ends of said springs having slidable engagement with said truck frame, studs extending downwardly from said companion swivel member and having slidable engagement with said truck frame and serving to prevent lateral displacement of the companion swivel member with reference to the truck frame, and means controllable by the operator of the vehicle foreifecting turning of said companion swivel member, such turning being communicated to the truck frame through the springs. i

7. In a power driven vehicle, a truck com-' prising a main rigid supporting frame, 7

wheels for said truck each having an independent axleand the end of each axle be ing independently journaledion'said frame whereby a load on the vehicle is equally distributed on the wheel axles whereby said 1 wheels are always maintained in perfect ,ver tical position, an annular swivel frame cured to said main supporting frame, asec; ,ond annular frame concentric with said swivel:

frame andsecured to the vehicle, means sup 8. In a steering truck for power-driven vehicles the combination of a rectangiflir frame having transverse and. longitudi'nal walls, intermediate longitudinal walls ail-1w cent the side walls and secured tothe trans- I verse walls to form with saidrectangular frame a rigid truck frame and to form with the side walls of said rectangular frame compartments for accommodating wheels," :5,

wheel in each compartment having an axle,

one end of which is journaled to the adjae cent side wall and whose other end is journaled' to the adjacent intermediatewall of the truck .frame, an annular swivel member,

mounted centrally on said truck frame, a. second annular member concentric with said swiveling member and adapted to beflse cured to avehicle to -be supportedby' the truck, mechanism mounted on said second annular frame and engaging with. said swiveling frame andv controllable to effect turning of said swivel frame and thereby turning ofsaid truck frame. i

9. In a steering truck for power vehicles, the combination of a main rectangular frame. having side and transverse ongitudinal walls extending betweenisaid'transverse walls ad; jacent said side walls vto form wheel'coinpartments with. said side walls, said walls together forming a rigid supporting frame, a wheel in each compartment aving an axle driven" whose outer end is journaled to the adjacent side wall and whose inner end is ournaled to the adjacent intermediate wall, transverse and longitudinal semielliptical springs each of Whose ends has slidable engagement with said supporting frame, an annular member to which the center of each spring is rigidly secured, a second annular member having swiveling engagement with said first mentioned annular member and adapted to be secured to a vehicle to be supported, and means supported on said second mentioned annular member and adapted to be operated to cause rotation of said first mentioned annular member and thereby rotation of said rigid'supporting frame.

,10.- In a steering and driving truck frame for power driven vehicles, the combination of a rigid rectangular main supporting frame, a Wheel structure at each end of said frame, each wheel structure having an axle each of- Whose ends is independently journaled to said supporting frame whereby a load on said supporting frame is evenly distributed at the sides of the wheels and said wheels thereby prevented from displacement from vertical position, an independent driving motor for each wheel, and means for centrally pivoting said supporting frame to a vehicle to be supported.

, 11. In a truck for power driven vehicles, the combination of a rectangular frame comprising side and transverse walls and inter mediate longitudinal walls extending between the transverse walls adjacent the side walls, said walls forming a rigid main supporting structure, a wheel for each side of the supporting structure, each wheel having an axle journaled at its outer end to .the ad jacent side wall and journaled at its'inner ,end to the adjacent intermediate wall of the supporting structure whereby a load on said structure is evenly distributed at the sides of the wheels to prevent displacement of the wheels from vertical alinement, supporting platcs secured to the supporting. structure at the juncture of the intermediate walls and transverse walls thereof, slideways on each plate, transverse and longitudinal semielliptical springs each having its ends slid ably engaging in opposite slideways, an annular swivel member in which each spring is rigidly secured at its center, a companion annular swivel member concentric with said first mentioned swivel member and secured to the vehicle to be supported, means carried by said second mentioned swivel member and controllable from the vehicle to effeet rotation of the first mentioned swivel member and thereby rotation of said suporting structure, and an independent driv ing motor for each wheel controllable independently from the vehicle.

12. In a power driven vehicle, the combination of a vehicle body, a swivel frame secured to the body, a companion swivel member encircling the lower end of said swivel frame, a steering truck frame having supporting wheels, longitudinal and transverse semi-elliptical springs secured at their centers to said companion swivel member, the ends of said springs being confined to the truck frame but having longitudinal slidable engagement therewith, and means controlled by the operator for causing turning of said companion swivel member, such turning being communicated to the truck frame through the springs.

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 9th day of February, A. D. 1911.

RODERICK MACRAE.

Witnesses:

(l -menus J. SCHMIDT, NELLIE l3. DEARBORN. 

